{"id":30670,"date":"2024-09-18T15:23:09","date_gmt":"2024-09-18T13:23:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ieec.cat\/?p=30670"},"modified":"2025-04-07T17:29:50","modified_gmt":"2025-04-07T15:29:50","slug":"the-paus-survey-releases-a-new-cosmic-distance-catalogue-to-unlock-the-mysteries-of-the-universe-formation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ieec.cat\/en\/the-paus-survey-releases-a-new-cosmic-distance-catalogue-to-unlock-the-mysteries-of-the-universe-formation\/","title":{"rendered":"The PAUS survey releases a new cosmic distance catalogue to unlock the mysteries of the Universe formation"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/www.ieec.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/slider-comunicacio.jpg&#8221; max_height=&#8221;130px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; da_disable_devices=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; da_is_popup=&#8221;off&#8221; da_exit_intent=&#8221;off&#8221; da_has_close=&#8221;on&#8221; da_alt_close=&#8221;off&#8221; da_dark_close=&#8221;off&#8221; da_not_modal=&#8221;on&#8221; da_is_singular=&#8221;off&#8221; da_with_loader=&#8221;off&#8221; da_has_shadow=&#8221;on&#8221;][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;24px||11px|||&#8221; da_disable_devices=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; da_is_popup=&#8221;off&#8221; da_exit_intent=&#8221;off&#8221; da_has_close=&#8221;on&#8221; da_alt_close=&#8221;off&#8221; da_dark_close=&#8221;off&#8221; da_not_modal=&#8221;on&#8221; da_is_singular=&#8221;off&#8221; da_with_loader=&#8221;off&#8221; da_has_shadow=&#8221;on&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Unitats de recerca&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _dynamic_attributes=&#8221;content&#8221; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|700||on|||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; header_font=&#8221;|700|||||||&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||10px||false|false&#8221; header_font_size_tablet=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_font_size_phone=&#8221;26px&#8221; header_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoiY3VzdG9tX21ldGFfb3JnYW5pemFjaW9uZXMiLCJzZXR0aW5ncyI6eyJiZWZvcmUiOiIiLCJhZnRlciI6IiIsImVuYWJsZV9odG1sIjoib2ZmIn19@[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_post_title author=&#8221;off&#8221; categories=&#8221;off&#8221; comments=&#8221;off&#8221; featured_image=&#8221;off&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;T\u00edtol i data&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; title_font=&#8221;Cairo|300|||||||&#8221; title_font_size=&#8221;40px&#8221; meta_font=&#8221;||on||||||&#8221; meta_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; title_font_size_tablet=&#8221;35px&#8221; title_font_size_phone=&#8221;30px&#8221; title_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_post_title][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Subt\u00edtols&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;Source Sans Pro||on||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.1em&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;22px&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The catalogue collects data for over 1.8 million objects gathered over 200 nights between 2015 and 2019, using the 4.2-meter WHT telescope in La Palma, Spain<\/li>\n<li>The released information will help astronomers to understand the formation of cosmic structures influenced by dark matter and dark energy<\/li>\n<li>IEEC researchers at the Institute of Space Sciences (ICE-CSIC) have led the PAUS survey and coordinated the observations and the scientific exploitation, in close collaboration with other Spanish and international institutions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_post_title title=&#8221;off&#8221; meta=&#8221;off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||0px||false|false&#8221; border_width_top=&#8221;10px&#8221; border_color_top=&#8221;#406fda&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_post_title][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;15px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.1em&#8221; background_color=&#8221;rgba(64,111,218,0.15)&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;30px|20px|30px|20px|true|true&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Caption:<\/strong> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PAUcam camera installed in the primary focus of the William Herschel Telescope (WHT) in La Palma, Spain. <\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Credits:<\/strong> PAUS.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_font=&#8221;|700|||on||||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A\u00a0 groundbreaking catalogue of cosmic distances has been released by the Physics of the Accelerating Universe Survey (PAUS), an international collaboration led by researchers from the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ieec.cat\/en\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Institute of Space Studies of Catalonia<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (IEEC \u2014 Institut d\u2019Estudis Espacials de Catalunya) at the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ice.csic.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Institute of Space Sciences<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (ICE-CSIC). The project depends on the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICIU), and involves 14 institutions across six countries.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Collected over 200 nights between 2015 and 2019 using the PAUCam camera on the William Herschel Telescope (WHT) in La Palma, this catalogue is now available on the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pausurvey.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PAUS website<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/cosmohub.pic.es\/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CosmoHub<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> web portal. The release is detailed in two articles published today in the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(MNRAS)<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">one measuring distances and another one on calibration of the PAUS data<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This new catalogue provides information on millions of distant galaxies, determining their distances with unprecedented precision over a field of view and depth never before explored. Covering a vast sky area of 50 square degrees, similar to an area of approximately 250 full moons, <\/span><b>it includes data for 1.8 million astronomical objects<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. These insights will enable astronomers to create more accurate maps to understand how structure forms in the Universe and to study dark matter and dark energy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_font=&#8221;|700|||on||||&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The PAUCam camera was specially designed to accurately measure galaxy distances, enabling the study of the Universe&#8217;s expansion under the influence of dark matter and dark energy. The project builds on existing deep images from the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Lensing Survey (CFHTLenS), carried out with the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfht.hawaii.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Hawaii, and the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS) carried out with the European Southern Observatory\u2019s <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/unitedkingdom\/teles-instr\/paranal-observatory\/surveytelescopes\/vst\/?lang\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">VLT Survey Telescope<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Chile. By combining these datasets, <\/span><b>PAUS has achieved highly accurate distance and time information for deep space objects<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The accelerated expansion of the Universe is attributed to dark energy, which constitutes about 70% of the Universe, yet its nature remains a mystery. The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ieec.cat\/en\/project\/32\/pau\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PAU<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Survey offers new insights into this enigma, providing an accurate and comprehensive characterisation of millions of galaxies up to distances of more than 10 billion light years. <\/span><b>This catalogue is a valuable resource for the astronomical community, aiding in the scientific analysis and calibration of other cosmological surveys<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;The PAU Survey offers a groundbreaking approach to creating cosmic maps, made possible through the design and development of a novel instrument and a dedicated survey to collect and analyse data in ways never done before. It has been a privilege to collaborate with such a talented and dependable group,&#8221; says <\/span><b>Enrique Gazta\u00f1aga<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, Director of the PAU Survey, which started in 2015, and currently a Professor at the Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation at the University of Portsmouth, on leave from ICE-CSIC and the IEEC.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;25px&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;23px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;23px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>A milestone in cosmic research<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_font=&#8221;|700|||on||||&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This catalogue represents a significant advancement in cosmic research with its extensive catalogue offering photometric redshift measurements that determine the distances of galaxies as they appeared billions of years ago. To achieve these measurements, <\/span><b>the PAU camera employs 40 filters across different colours<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, representing narrow bands in the optical spectrum. This technique involves photographing the same field multiple times through various colour filters. As objects move away from us, the light they emit experiences a redshift, shifting towards the red end of the spectrum. In astronomy, redshift is crucial for calculating the distance of an object from Earth.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While ongoing and future state-of-the-art spectroscopic cosmic surveys are equipped with large focal planes that enable simultaneous measurement of redshifts for thousands of preselected galaxies\u2014acquiring several hundred galaxy redshifts per square degree in a single observation\u2014the PAUS survey takes a different approach. PAUS does not require preselecting target galaxies. Instead, it utilises its 40 filters to measure the redshifts of all 30,000 galaxies within the field of view at once, albeit with lower spectral resolution.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThe precision in measuring galaxy distances depends on the number of filters you use, as each filter provides different information about the galaxy. The great advantage of PAUS is that it combines information of 40 different filters, allowing for highly accurate distance measurements,\u201d says <\/span><b>David Navarro-Giron\u00e9s<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, IEEC PhD student at ICE-CSIC and first author of one of the papers published today in MNRAS. \u201cThis level of precision is crucial for the study of the structure of the universe, which in turn requires data from a large number of galaxies,\u201d he adds.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The PAUS survey provides complete, flux-limited, and highly accurate redshift and spectral energy distribution information for millions of galaxies and stars, reaching a depth and coverage previously unexplored. This is accomplished without the need for specific target selection, offering a powerful tool to better understand sample selection and completeness in astronomical surveys.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;21px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.1em&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#406fda&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; width=&#8221;70%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;70%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;70%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;40px|50px|40px|50px|true|true&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;40px|50px|40px|50px|true|true&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;30px|20px|30px|20px|true|true&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;21px&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;19px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThe great advantage of PAUS is that it combines information of 40 different filters, allowing for highly accurate distance measurements,\u201d says David Navarro-Giron\u00e9s.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;25px&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;23px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;23px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>International contribution to the PAUS survey<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_font=&#8221;|700|||on||||&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An extensive international collaboration involving contributions from Spain, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Germany and China has made the PAUS survey possible. The scientific exploitation of PAUS survey data\u2014including observations, data reduction and calibration, simulations, photometric redshift, and clustering analysis\u2014has been spearheaded by ICE-CSIC and the IEEC alongside the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ifae.es\/es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Institut de F\u00edsica d\u2019Altes Energies<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (IFAE) and other Spanish institutions such as the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pic.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Port of Scientific Information<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (PIC, a joint venture between IFAE and CIEMAT), the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ift.uam-csic.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Instituto de F\u00edsica Te\u00f3rica<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (IFT-UAM\/CSIC), and the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ciemat.es\/cambiarIdioma.do?LANG=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Research Centre for Energy, Environment and Technology<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (CIEMAT).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The construction and integration of PAUCam was entirely carried out in-house in Barcelona, led by IFAE in partnership with the ICE-CSIC, IEEC, PIC, CIEMAT, and IFT-UAM\/CSIC. Besides helping in the camera design, optical bench and construction, the ICE-CSIC\/IEEC team also played a pivotal role in data reduction, calibration, automated analysis pipelines, and data distribution, working closely with PIC, which serves as the PAUS data centre, alongside the broader PAUS team. CIEMAT was responsible, together with IFAE,\u00a0for the design, production, testing and installation of the full PAUCam electronics. CIEMAT was also responsible for the testing and validation of the filters and\u00a0the production and installation of several mechanical parts of the camera.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.ieec.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/PAU-survey-map.jpg&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||1px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;15px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.1em&#8221; background_color=&#8221;rgba(64,111,218,0.15)&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;30px|20px|30px|20px|true|true&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Caption:<\/strong> This map shows the sky positions of approximately 750,000 galaxies in one of the four PAUS fields (W3 CFHT-Lens). The colours represent the mean redshift (z) of galaxies in each pixel, with z indicating both cosmic distance and time. For instance, z \u2248 0.9 (yellow) indicates light emitted about 7.4 billion years ago, when the universe was 1.9 times smaller than it is today. Empty regions correspond to bright foreground objects (bright stars or galaxies) that obscure more distant galaxies. This map provides valuable insights into the large-scale structure of the universe, supporting studies of galaxy evolution, dark matter and dark energy. <br \/><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Credits:<\/strong> CosmoHub.com.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_font=&#8221;|700|||on||||&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The commissioning and first light of PAUCam on the 4.2m WHT Telescope were achieved by these Spanish groups in 2015, with invaluable assistance from the WHT engineers of the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ing.iac.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (ING) in La Palma. Following this milestone, an international collaboration was formed in 2015, including Durham University (the United Kingdom), Leiden Observatory (the Netherlands), Ruhr-Universit\u00e4t Bochum (Germany), University College London (UCL, the United Kingdom), ETH Zurich (Switzerland), the Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation at the University of Portsmouth (the United Kingdom), and Tsinghua University (China). These institutions contributed external funding, human resources and expertise, playing a crucial role in the successful execution and exploitation of the PAUS survey.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;25px&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;23px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;23px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>Scientific exploitation<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_font=&#8221;|700|||on||||&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The foundations of the PAUS project were laid around 2007 as part of the Consolider Ingenio 2010 initiative, funded by the Spanish government. The Spanish groups mentioned above continued the project, building PAUCam for its use at the WHT telescope and forming the PAUS Collaboration, which prepared for the analysis of the data now being released.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cStarting a collaboration of several Spanish groups and continuing it with a very ambitious instrument, despite rather limited material and human resources, was not without risks. However, the fact is that the camera worked correctly almost from first light. Equally remarkable is that six European and one Chinese group joined PAUS for data analysis, contributing with their own resources,\u201d says <\/span><b>Enrique Fern\u00e1ndez<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, from IFAE and Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona (UAB), who led the PAU Consolider Project and the PAUS Collaboration during its initial years.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nine years after its first light in 2015, the PAUS survey has reached a remarkable milestone, measuring the distances of numerous distant galaxies with a relative precision of 0.3%. The team is currently utilising this data to enhance the calibration of existing cosmological surveys. For instance, PAUS data is being used to improve weak lensing analyses and simulations for dark energy missions such as ESA\u2019s <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ieec.cat\/en\/project\/14\/euclid\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Euclid mission<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ieec.cat\/en\/project\/31\/vera-c-rubin-observatory\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rubin Observatory\u2019s Legacy Survey of Space and Time<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (LSST). Additionally, these samples can refine the redshift distributions for such missions, as has already been done for the scientific collaborations Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS) and the Dark Energy Survey (DES).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIn addition to high-precision redshifts, the 40 narrow band filters of PAUS offer a unique window into the evolution and environment of galaxies. With PAUS, we can directly observe strong emission lines and spectral breaks, usually reserved to slower and more expensive spectroscopic surveys. These observations allow us to better constrain the age and composition of galaxies, identify quasars with high accuracy, and may even provide a window into the diffuse gas clouds around and between galaxies\u201d, says <\/span><b>Pablo Renard<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a postdoctoral fellow at Tsinghua University and currently Data Manager of PAUS.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Press release prepared in collaboration with the Institute of Space Sciences.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;30px||||false|false&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#406fda&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||10px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;M\u00e9s informaci\u00f3&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;Cairo|700|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#406fda&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||10px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>More information<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.1em&#8221; link_font=&#8221;|700|||on||||&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;20px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This research is presented in two papers:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2023arXiv231207581N\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The PAU Survey: Photometric redshift estimation in deep wide fields<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d, by <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D. Navarro, E. Gaztanaga, M. Crocce, A. Wittje<\/span> <i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, to appear in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society on 16 September 2024. DOI: 10.1093\/mnras\/stae1686<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/link_gateway\/2024MNRAS.531.5067C\/doi:10.1093\/mnras\/stae1507\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The PAU survey: photometric calibration of narrow band images<\/a>\u201d, by F. Castander, S. Serrano, M. Eriksen, E. Gaztanaga <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et al.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, to appear in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society on 16 September 2024. DOI: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10.1093\/mnras\/stae1507<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#406fda&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||10px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Enlla\u00e7os&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;Cairo|700|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#406fda&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||10px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Links<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.1em&#8221; link_font=&#8221;|700|||on|||#1a1140|&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#1a1140&#8243; link_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;20px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ieec.cat\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">IEEC<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ice.csic.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ICE-CSIC<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pausurvey.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PAUS<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfht.hawaii.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/spain\/teles-instr\/paranal-observatory\/surveytelescopes\/vst\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">VLT Survey Telescope<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#406fda&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||10px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Contactes&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;Cairo|700|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#406fda&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||10px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Contacts<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;2_5,3_5&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;2_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||20px|false|false&#8221; border_width_left=&#8221;1px&#8221; border_color_left=&#8221;#406fda&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.1em&#8221; link_font=&#8221;|700|||on|||#1a1140|&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#1a1140&#8243; link_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; header_4_font=&#8221;|700|||||||&#8221; header_4_text_color=&#8221;#1a1140&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h4>IEEC Communication Office<\/h4>\n<p>Castelldefels, Barcelona<br \/>E-mail: <a href=\"mailto:comunicacio@ieec.cat\">comunicacio@ieec.cat<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;3_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||20px|false|false&#8221; border_width_left=&#8221;1px&#8221; border_color_left=&#8221;#406fda&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1em&#8221; link_font=&#8221;|700|||on||||&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#1a1140&#8243; header_4_font=&#8221;|700|||||||&#8221; header_4_text_color=&#8221;#1a1140&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h4>Lead Researcher at the IEEC<\/h4>\n<p>Castelldefels, Barcelona<\/p>\n<h4>Enrique Gazta\u00f1aga<\/h4>\n<p>Institute of Space Studies of Catalonia (IEEC)<br \/>Institute of Space Sciences (ICE-CSIC)<br \/>E-mail: <a href=\"mailto:gaztanaga@ieec.cat,\">gaztanaga@ieec.cat,<\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"mailto:e.gaztanaga@csic.es\">e.gaztanaga@csic.es<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.14.8&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;rgba(64,111,218,0.15)&#8221; global_module=&#8221;17324&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;20px|50px|20px|50px|true|true&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Sobre l&#8217;IEEC&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;25px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||10px||false|false&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;23px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;23px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>About the IEEC<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Text&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;||on||||||&#8221; link_font=&#8221;|700|||on||||&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>The Institute of Space Studies of Catalonia (IEEC \u2014 Institut d\u2019Estudis Espacials de Catalunya) promotes and coordinates space research and technology development in Catalonia for the benefit of society. IEEC fosters collaborations both locally and worldwide and is an efficient agent of knowledge, innovation and technology transfer. As a result of more than 25 years of high-quality research, done in collaboration with major international organisations, IEEC ranks among the best international research centres, focusing on areas such as: astrophysics, cosmology, planetary science, and Earth Observation. IEEC\u2019s engineering division develops instrumentation for ground- and space-based projects, and has extensive experience in working with private or public organisations from the aerospace and other innovation sectors.<\/p>\n<p>The IEEC is a non-profit public sector foundation that was established in February 1996. It has a Board of Trustees composed of the Generalitat de Catalunya, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona (UAB), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya \u00b7 BarcelonaTech (UPC), and the Spanish Research Council (CSIC). The IEEC is also a CERCA centre.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>IEEC researchers at the Institute of Space Sciences (ICE-CSIC) have led the project, coordinating the observations and the scientific exploitation in close collaboration with other international institutions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":30656,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"2880","footnotes":""},"categories":[111,74,98],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30670","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-highlighted-news-small","category-news","category-science"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The PAUS survey releases a new cosmic distance catalogue to unlock the mysteries of the Universe formation - 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